Appendix I: RCWP BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
This appendix lists the BMPs approved by the U.S. Department of
Agriculture (USDA) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for
cost sharing in Rural Clean Water Program projects. Information
included for each BMP includes its official RCWP number and
title, a brief description of the intended purpose of the BMP,
the minimum life span, and a list of applicable BMP components.
The number in parentheses following each BMP component indicates
the respective USDA - Soil Conservation Service conservation
practice specification code.
BMP 1 Permanent Vegetative Cover
Purpose: To improve water quality by establishing permanent
vegetative cover on farms or ranch land to prevent excessive
runoff of water or soil loss contributing to water pollution.
Lifespan: minimum of 5 years
Components:
-
Fencing (382)
-
Grasses and legumes in rotation (411)
-
Pasture and hayland management (510)
-
Pasture and hayland planting (512)
-
Proper grazing use (528)
-
Range seeding (550)
-
Planned grazing systems (556)
BMP 2 Animal Waste Management System
Purpose: To improve water quality by providing facilities for the
storage and handling of livestock and poultry waste to abate
pollution that may otherwise result from livestock or poultry
operations.
Lifespan: minimum of 10 years
Components:
-
Waste management system (312)
-
Waste storage structure (313)
-
Critical area planting (342)
-
Dike (356)
-
Waste treatment lagoon (359)
-
Diversion (362)
-
Fencing (382)
-
Filter Strips (393)
-
Grassed waterway or outlet (412)
-
Waste storage pond (425)
-
Irrigation system, sprinkler (442)
-
Irrigation system, surface, and subsurface (443)
-
Subsurface drain (606)
-
Subsurface drain, field ditch (607)
-
Surface drain, main or lateral (608)
-
Waste utilization (633)
BMP 3 Stripcropping Systems
Purpose: To improve water quality by providing enduring
protection to cropland causing pollution by establishment of
contour or field stripcropping systems.
Lifespan: minimum of 5 years
Components:
-
Obstruction removal (500)
-
Stripcropping, contour (585)
-
Stripcropping, field (586)
-
Stripcropping, wind (589)
BMP 4 Terrace System
Purpose: To improve water quality through the installation of
terrace systems on farmland to prevent excessive runoff of water
or soil loss contributing to water pollution.
Lifespan: minimum of 10 years
Components:
-
Obstruction removal (500)
-
Terrace (600)
-
Subsurface drain (606)
-
Underground outlet (620)
BMP 5 Diversion System
Purpose: To improve water quality by installing diversion on farm
or ranchland where excess surface or subsurface water runoff
contributes to a water pollution problem.
Lifespan: minimum of 10 years
Components:
-
Dike (356)
-
Diversion (362)
-
Obstruction removal (500)
-
Subsurface drain (606)
-
Underground outlet (620)
BMP 6 Grazing Land ProtectionSystem
Purpose: To improve water quality through better grazing
distribution and better grassland management by developing
springs, seeps, wells, ponds, or dugouts and installing pipelines
and storage facilities. This practice is applicable only when
needed to correct an existing problem causing water pollution due
to over concentration of livestock.
Lifespan: minimum of 10 years
Components:
-
Pond (378)
-
Fencing (382)
-
Pipeline (516)
-
Pond sealing or lining (521)
-
Spring trails and waterways (574)
-
Stock trails and waterways (575)
-
Trough or tank (614)
-
Well (642)
BMP 7 Waterway System
Purpose: To improve water quality by installing a waterway to
safely convey excess surface runoff water across fields at
non-erosion velocities into watercourses or impoundments. The
waterway is protected from erosion and reduces pollution through
filtering out silt with the establishment of sod cover of
perennial grasses or legumes, or both.
Lifespan: minimum of 10 years
Components:
-
Fencing (382)
-
Grassed waterway or outlet (412)
-
Lined waterway or outlet (468)
-
Subsurface drain (606)
BMP 8 Cropland Protection System
Purpose: To improve water quality by providing needed protection
from severe erosion on cropland between crops or pending
establishment of enduring protective vegetative cover.
Lifespan: recommended by COC and STC and approved by
Administrator, ASCS, if less than 5 years
Components:
-
Conservation cropping system (328)
-
Cover and green manure crop (340)
-
Field windbreaks (392)
BMP 9 Conservation Tillage Systems
Purpose: Improving water quality by use of reduced tillage
operations in producing a crop. The reduced tillage operations
and crop residue management need to be performed annually.
Lifespan: recommended by COC and STC and approved by
Administrator, ASCS, if less than 5 years
Components:
-
Conservation cropping system (328)
-
Conservation tillage system (329)
-
Contour farming (330)
-
Crop residue use (344)
-
Land smoothing (466)
-
Stubble mulching (588)
BMP 10 Stream Protection System
Purpose: To improve water quality by protecting streams from
sediment or chemicals through the installation of vegetative
filter strips, protective fencing, livestock crossings, livestock
water facilities, or other similar measures.
Lifespan: minimum of 10 years
Components:
-
Channel vegetation (322)
-
Fencing (382)
-
Filter strip (393)
-
Streambank protection (580)
-
Tree planting (612)
BMP 11 Permanent Vegetative Cover On Critical Areas
Purpose: To improve water quality by installing measures to
stabilize source of sediment such as gullies, banks, privately
owned roadsides, field borders, or similar problem areas
contributing to water pollution.
Lifespan: minimum of 5 years
Components:
-
Critical area planting (342)
-
Fencing (382)
-
Field borders (389)
-
Filter strip (393)
-
Livestock exclusion (472)
-
Mulching (484)
-
Sinkhole treatment (571)
-
Spoilbank spreading (572)
-
Tree planting (612)
-
Well plugging (643)
BMP 12 Sediment Retention, Erosion, or Water Control
Structures
Purpose: To improve water quality through the control or erosion,
including sediment and chemical runoff from a specific problem
area.
Lifespan: minimum of 10 years
Components:
-
Sediment basin (350)
-
Dike (356)
-
Fencing (382)
-
Grade stabilization structure (410)
-
Structure for water control (587)
-
Water and sediment control basin (638)
BMP 13 Improving An Irrigation And Or Water Management System
Purpose: To improve water quality on farmland that is currently
under irrigation for which an adequate supply of suitable water
is available, on which irrigation will be continued, and on
farmland with a critical area or source that significantly
contributes to the water quality problem by: a) installation of
tailwater return systems, b) conversion to a different system to
reduce pollutants, or c) reorganization of an existing system to
reduce pollutants.
Lifespan: minimum of 10 years
Components:
-
Irrigation water conveyance (428)
-
Pipeline (430)
-
Irrigation system, drip (441)
-
Irrigation system, sprinkler (442)
-
Irrigation system, surface and subsurface (443)
-
Irrigation system, tailwater recovery (447)
-
Irrigation water management (449)
-
Irrigation land leveling (464)
-
Structure for water control (587)
BMP 14 Tree Planting
Purpose: To improve water quality by planting trees to treat
critical areas or sources contributing to water pollution.
Lifespan: minimum of 10 years
Components:
-
Cover and green manure crop (340)
-
Fencing (382)
-
Proper woodland grazing (530)
-
Tree planting (612)
BMP 15 Fertilizer Management
Purpose: To improve water quality through needed changes in the
fertilizer rate, time, or method of application to achieve the
desired degree of control of nutrient movement in critical areas
contributing to water pollution.
Lifespan: recommended by COC and STC and approved by the
Administrator, ASCS, if less than 5 years.
Components:
-
Fertilizer management (384)
-
Waste utilization (633)
BMP 16 Pesticide Management
Purpose: To improve water quality by reducing pesticides use to a
minimum and manage pests in critical areas to achieve the desired
level of chemicals contributing to water pollution.
Lifespan: recommended by COC and STC and approved by the
Administrator, ASCS, if less than 5 years.
Components:
-
Pesticide management (514)